{"id":9803,"date":"2020-03-27T19:28:43","date_gmt":"2020-03-27T17:28:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/?p=9803"},"modified":"2020-04-25T22:02:07","modified_gmt":"2020-04-25T20:02:07","slug":"covid-19-cartogram","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/?p=9803","title":{"rendered":"SARS-CoV-2 Cartograms"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Europe: death rate per 1000 infected persons in Europe based on data from the European Centre of Disease Control and Prevention. (https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/cases-2019-ncov-eueea), status: 29.03.2020:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cartogram reprojected data using ESRI vector base dataset for Europe. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-gallery aligncenter columns-1 wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"870\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-Europe-DeathsPerInfection-cartogr-1024x870.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"9865\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/?attachment_id=9865\" class=\"wp-image-9865\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-Europe-DeathsPerInfection-cartogr-1024x870.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-Europe-DeathsPerInfection-cartogr-300x255.png 300w, https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-Europe-DeathsPerInfection-cartogr-768x652.png 768w, https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-Europe-DeathsPerInfection-cartogr.png 1323w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>Cartogram: SARS-CoV-2 mortality &#8211; calculated as deaths per 1000 infections in Europe &#8211; cartogram reprojected using death\/infected as relative area value &#8211; status 29-03-2020 &#8211; data source: ECDC.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"875\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-DeathsPerInfection-noncart-1024x875.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"9864\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/?attachment_id=9864\" class=\"wp-image-9864\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-DeathsPerInfection-noncart-1024x875.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-DeathsPerInfection-noncart-300x256.png 300w, https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-DeathsPerInfection-noncart-768x656.png 768w, https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-DeathsPerInfection-noncart.png 1342w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>29-03-2020: <br> SARS-CoV-2 mortality &#8211; calculated as deaths per 1000 infections in Europe &#8211; choropleth map  &#8211; status 29-03-2020 &#8211; data source: ECDC. <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-Europe-Legend.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9866\" width=\"118\" height=\"204\"\/><figcaption>Mortality &#8211; number of deaths per 1000 infected persons.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Update with data from 29-03-2020. Legend removed for quicker upload. The data is slightly distorted since not all federal states report infection numbers regularly on a daily basis (data source <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rki.de\/DE\/Content\/InfAZ\/N\/Neuartiges_Coronavirus\/Fallzahlen.html\">RKI<\/a>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/jenacopterlabs.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-CpE.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1183\" class=\"wp-image-1183\"\/><figcaption>29-03-2020: <br>SARS-CoV-2 infections per 1000 inhabitants cartogram equal density reprojected for the federal states of Germany &#8211; status 29-03-2020 &#8211; data source RKI<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rki.de\/DE\/Content\/InfAZ\/N\/Neuartiges_Coronavirus\/Fallzahlen.html\">. <\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/jenacopterlabs.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-CpE-DtOverlay-792x1024.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1186\" data-link=\"http:\/\/jenacopterlabs.de\/?attachment_id=1186\" class=\"wp-image-1186\"\/><figcaption>29-03-2020:<br>SARS-CoV-2 infections per 1000 inhabitants cartogram equal density reprojected for the federal states of Germany &#8211; status 29-03-2020 &#8211; data source RKI<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rki.de\/DE\/Content\/InfAZ\/N\/Neuartiges_Coronavirus\/Fallzahlen.html\"> &#8211; backdrop original geometry of the federal states of Germany<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since the SARS-CoV-2 numbers are changing so quickly &#8211; this is a good occasion to work with some specific visualization\/mapping techniques. Some population and infection normalized Cartogram reprojections to visualize SARS-CoV-2 status in Germany:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-gallery aligncenter columns-1 wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"655\" height=\"712\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/1403-CpFS.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"9834\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/?attachment_id=9834\" class=\"wp-image-9834\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/1403-CpFS.png 655w, https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/1403-CpFS-276x300.png 276w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 655px) 100vw, 655px\" \/><figcaption>14-03-2020: <br>SARS-CoV-2 infections per federal state &#8211; cartogram equal density reprojected for the federal states of Germany &#8211; status 14-03-2020 &#8211; data source RKI<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rki.de\/DE\/Content\/InfAZ\/N\/Neuartiges_Coronavirus\/Fallzahlen.html\"> &#8211; backdrop original geometry of the federal states of Germany<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"742\" height=\"922\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-CpFS-1.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"9846\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/?attachment_id=9846\" class=\"wp-image-9846\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-CpFS-1.png 742w, https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-CpFS-1-241x300.png 241w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 742px) 100vw, 742px\" \/><figcaption>29-03-2020: <br>SARS-CoV-2 infections per federal state &#8211; cartogram equal density reprojected for the federal states of Germany &#8211; status 29-03-2020 &#8211; data source RKI<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rki.de\/DE\/Content\/InfAZ\/N\/Neuartiges_Coronavirus\/Fallzahlen.html\"> &#8211; backdrop original geometry of the federal states of Germany<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"152\" height=\"236\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/2903-legend.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9848\"\/><figcaption>29-03-2020: <br>SARS-CoV-2 infections per federal state.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-4 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/jenacopterlabs.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Covid19-CartoC-Kopie.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1165\" class=\"wp-image-1165\"\/><figcaption>Cartogram projection using number of infections per federal state as area value and recalculating density and resulting geometry of the underlying vector dataset.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A Cartogram can visualize the distribution of infections in Germany much better than a standard choropleth map &#8211; this is especially valid if we use the Cartogram style combined with a normalized value using &#8220;per inhabitants&#8221; &#8211; in this figure: infections per 1000 inhabitants. Now the infection numbers are related to inhabitants and this shows clearly where the highest density of infections occurred after normalization with inhabitants. Its also what we expect since dense metropolitan regions will likely cause higher infection rates. Note that using both the color  and the size for the geometry for communication of the thematic value (infections per 1000 inhabitants) is very powerful to describe the information &#8211; however the original proportions of the objects (federal states of Germany) is completely lost &#8211; therefor its important to have the  original projection as reference (scroll to end of page): <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-5 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"593\" height=\"805\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Covid19-Carto-Cper1kInh.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"9815\" class=\"wp-image-9815\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Covid19-Carto-Cper1kInh.jpg 593w, https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Covid19-Carto-Cper1kInh-221x300.jpg 221w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 593px) 100vw, 593px\" \/><figcaption>Infections per 1000 inhabitants &#8211; equal interval classification. Hamburg has as of 27-03-2020 the most infections per 1000 inhabitants (0.96). <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Conventional choropleth map would look like this:  you might get the impression that its dangerous to go to the south of Germany but normalized to inhabitants its maybe more likely that you meet someone infected in Hamburg (though not true since positive tested people are in quarantine right now). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-6 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/jenacopterlabs.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Covid19-0327.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1146\" class=\"wp-image-1146\"\/><figcaption>Usual choropleth map concept &#8211; here UTM32 WGS84 showing the infection numbers at the 27th of March 2020 (data source: RKI 27032020)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>We will reprocess with the new numbers in the weeks to come and also some new change mapping concepts will be shown here. Data used: status data (27.03.2020) from RKI and spatial data from BKG (Bundesamt f\u00fcr Kartographie und Geod\u00e4sie): <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bkg.bund.de\/DE\/Home\/home.html\">https:\/\/www.bkg.bund.de\/DE\/Home\/home.html<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rki.de\/DE\/Content\/InfAZ\/N\/Neuartiges_Coronavirus\/Fallzahlen.html\">https:\/\/www.rki.de\/DE\/Content\/InfAZ\/N\/Neuartiges_Coronavirus\/Fallzahlen.html<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Dougenik, J. A, N. R. Chrisman, and D. R. Niemeyer. 1985. &#8220;An algorithm to construct continuous cartograms.&#8221; Professional Geographer 37:75-81<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/220301714_Maps_and_Cartograms_of_the_2004_US_Presidential_Election_Results\">https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/220301714_Maps_and_Cartograms_of_the_2004_US_Presidential_Election_Results<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Europe: death rate per 1000 infected persons in Europe based on data from the European Centre of Disease Control and Prevention. (https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/cases-2019-ncov-eueea), status: 29.03.2020: Cartogram reprojected data using ESRI vector base dataset for Europe. Update with data from 29-03-2020. Legend removed for quicker upload. The data is slightly distorted since not all federal states report infection numbers regularly on a&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9865,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[152,40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9803","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-covid19","category-workflow"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9803","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9803"}],"version-history":[{"count":51,"href":"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9803\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9877,"href":"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9803\/revisions\/9877"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9865"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9803"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9803"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sailpower.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9803"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}